2025: The Year of Fire Alarm GSM Device Replacement

From 2G to 4G: An Inevitable Transition in Fire Alarm Transmission

As has been reported on several platforms, Telekom has announced that starting from January 1, 2026, it will no longer provide its own infrastructure for 2G network traffic for its customers. Instead, the traffic will be handled via Yettel Hungary’s "near-national coverage" network.

This means that Telekom customers will no longer have access to Telekom’s 2G network, even if there is 4G or 5G coverage nearby. In such cases, their devices will automatically and seamlessly switch to Yettel’s infrastructure—provided there is Yettel 2G coverage available. Where Yettel’s 2G coverage is lacking, customers will be left without a signal.

While this change does not impact the operational compliance of 2G alarm transmitters, it does affect fire alarm transmission devices, as regulations require redundant data communication in this area.

The requirements for fire and fault transmission equipment are determined by international standards in addition to local fire safety regulations (OTSZ). The OTSZ mandates compliance with international standards.

According to EN 50136-1-1, section 6.4.1, an alarm transmission system is considered available in the event of a failure affecting one or more interfaces if:

• At least one alarm transmission path is available between an interface of the alarm system and an interface of the alarm monitoring center, and message transmission and reception occur according to the specifications—meaning no failure can prevent fire alarms from being transmitted through at least one path during the required availability period.
• Alternatively, at least one alarm transmission path is available, and message transmission and reception occur as specified on both sides of the primary interface, but in case of failure, the system automatically switches to the redundant interface.

With Telekom's 2G network shutting down, both SIM cards of fire alarm transmission devices will be forced to operate on the Yettel 2G network. If an issue arises—such as a network failure, maintenance (network, tower, APN)—the transmission devices will no longer comply with the above standard’s requirements. Consequently, fire alarm signals may not be transmitted from the installed system.

This poses a significant operational risk!

Furthermore, regulatory inspections by authorities—such as targeted audits by the Disaster Management Authority—are expected to increase due to awareness of the transition.

As a manufacturer, we strongly recommend replacing all fire alarm transmitters with 2G modems with 4G-enabled devices in 2025!

Why is the transition in fire alarm transmission crucial?

Fire alarm transmission is critical for safety. Without a reliable transmission device, fire incidents may go unreported or be reported with delays, leading to severe material damage and personal injuries. Transitioning to new technology is not only about regulatory compliance but also about ensuring optimal system performance.

At MOHAnet, we are committed to supporting our partners through this transition. Our goal is to provide the most cost-effective and seamless solutions for all stakeholders.

How Can You Transition to the New Technology?

During the transition, it is essential to procure the new devices in a timely manner and ensure their proper installation. MOHAnet provides professional support to affected businesses and institutions, assisting in the selection of suitable hardware and the seamless implementation of the system. As part of the process, we offer consultation and customized solutions to help our partners achieve the transition as efficiently as possible.

What does the EN 54 standard specify for high-security fire alarm transmission?

The EN 54 standard governs the design, installation, operation, and maintenance of fire detection and alarm systems in buildings. Specifically, EN 54-21 and related sections regulate fire alarm transmission devices with a focus on high-security compliance. Key requirements include:

1. Redundancy and Reliability

• Fire alarm transmission systems must ensure high reliability, ensuring alarms are delivered from the fire detection center to the relevant authorities (e.g., fire department).
• Redundant communication paths must be implemented to prevent signal loss due to a single point of failure.

2. Real-Time Monitoring

• Fire alarm transmission devices must continuously monitor communication channels.
• Immediate alerts must be generated if a communication issue occurs.

3. Data Security and Protection

• Fire alarm transmissions must ensure data integrity and protection against unauthorized access.
• Encrypted communication is recommended for enhanced system security.

4. Response Time Requirements

• The system's response time must meet the specified standard limits (typically within a few seconds).
• Alarms must be forwarded without delay to the responsible authorities.

5. Operational Resilience in Adverse Conditions

• Fire alarm transmission devices must function even in extreme environmental conditions (e.g., temperature, humidity).
• Backup power sources (e.g., batteries) must ensure continuous operation during power outages.

6. Regular System Testing and Maintenance

• Regular testing is required to verify proper system functionality.
• Maintenance records must be thoroughly documented.

For specific details on fire alarm transmission system deployment and compliance, a detailed review of EN 54-21 is recommended. If needed, consulting a fire safety expert or engineer is advisable.

What are the redundant communication paths in fire alarm transmission?

Redundant communication paths ensure the continuous transmission of fire alarms, even if the primary communication channel fails. Common redundancy solutions include:

1. Traditional Telephone Lines and GSM/4G Connectivity

• Primary: Wired telephone line (PSTN) or GSM network.
• Backup: Mobile data connection (GPRS, 4G, LTE) or an alternative wired connection.

This is a widely used solution due to the availability and reliability of mobile networks.

2. IP-Based Communication Networks

• Primary: Ethernet or broadband internet connection.
• Backup: Mobile data (GPRS, 4G, LTE) or a separate internet connection.

This is a modern and flexible approach, offering fast and stable data transmission.

3. Radio Frequency (RF) Communication

• Primary: Local or regional radio frequency communication.
• Backup: Mobile data or wired internet.

This method is useful in areas with limited wired or mobile network coverage.

4. Private or Dedicated Networks

• Primary: Dedicated optical fiber or copper-based network.
• Backup: Mobile data or an alternative dedicated network.

This approach enhances security by using private, closed networks.

5. Wired and Wireless Combination

• Primary: Wired internet (DSL, fiber optics).
• Backup: Wireless connection (Wi-Fi, LTE).

This ensures continued operation if the primary wired connection fails.

6. Organizational-Level Redundancy

• Data is transmitted to multiple physically separated monitoring centers.
• Fire alarms are sent to two independent monitoring stations for redundancy.

7. Server- and Cloud-Based Solutions

• Primary: Cloud-based data transmission (AWS, Google Cloud, etc.).
• Backup: Local server storage or an alternative cloud provider.

Cloud-based solutions provide redundancy via multi-location synchronization.

Key Considerations for Redundancy Planning

• Independence: Primary and backup paths should not rely on the same infrastructure (e.g., same provider or cable network).
• Testing: Redundant systems must be regularly tested.
• Automatic Switching: The system should automatically switch to the backup path in case of failure.
• Security: Encryption and data protection are crucial for secure transmission.

The best redundancy solution depends on local infrastructure, risk levels, and regulatory requirements.